Background: Maximal respiratory pressures are suitable for non –invasive evaluation of respiratory muscle function A variety of methods for subject selection and test procedures have been used for the determination of normal values and reference equations for maximal respiratory pressure (MRP). Materials and Methods: we analyzed a well-defined, healthy subgroup of 224 men and 211 women with a wide age range (20 to 82 yr), using multiple linear regression, for the purpose of determining the effect of age, other correlates, normal values, and gender-specific reference equations on MRP. Results: Mean values of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) were 9.78 kPa for men and 7.61 kPa for women. Mean values of maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were 13.11kPa for men and 10.21 kPa for women. Conclusion: Prediction equations and mean value normally resulted from a cohort study of healthy 20-82 yrs subjects are given and are recommended to be used by pulmonary function laboratories in IRAN.

Background and Aim: The results of laboratory tests have little practical utility unless clinical studies have ascribed various states of health and disease to intervals of values. Some factors affect hematologic values, including race, environment, time and test method, blood collection location, gestational age and maternal factors. Since these factors vary in various populations, they can cause differences in reference hematologic values.Material and Methods: In this study in 1387, 447 healthy neonates with more than 2500 gr, born in different hospitals of Mashhad, were selected and cord blood specimens were taken using EDTA anticoagulant. Complete blood count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBC indices were measured by using sysmex cell counter. Differential leukocyte counts were determined in peripheral blood smear. The data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 11.50 for which p value£0.05 was significant.Results: Mean and hematologic reference ranges were determined as follows: WBC (×103ml)=11.62 (5.16-18.2), RBC (×106 ml)=4.45 (3.61-5.29), Hb (g/dl)=15.9 (13-18.8), Hct (%)=48.3 (39.6-56.9), MCV (fl)=108.7 (97.5-119.8), MCH (pg)=35.8 (31.7-40), MCHC (g/dl)=33 (30.1-35.2), RDW (%)=17.1 (14.1-20.3).Conclusion: We observed some differences in hematologic values in cord blood of neonates in comparison with other references which should be considered in clinical evaluations. Especially RBCs and hemoglobin were higher and MCV, WBC and absolute neutrophil count were lower.

Analysis of 8 biochemical parameters were carried out on fasting serum obtained from 38 Kurd horses of both sexes. The mean, standard deviation and 2.5 to 97.5 percentile values were calculated for each analyte. The established reference ranges for 8 biochemical parameters were: glucose (69.25-89.75 mg/dL), triglyceride (15.38-60.63 mg/dL), Cholestrol (63.38-111.25 mg/dL), Creatinine (0.8-1.5 mg/dL), BUN (7.75-25 mg/dL), Uric acid (0.39-0.94 mg/dL), total bilirubin (0.5-2.06 mg/dL) and direct bilirubin (0.1-0.61 mg/dL). With the exception of creatinine all other biochemical values were similar to those reported for other horse races.